No insurer shall be liable to compensate for the following losses and expenses: <Amended by Act No. 4470, Dec. 31, 1991>
1. If a ship or freight has been insured, any loss arising from the failure, at the time of departure, to make preparations necessary for a safe voyage or to have necessary documents on board;
2. If cargo has been insured, any loss arising from bad faith or gross negligence of the charterer, consignor, or consignee;
3. Pilotage dues, port charges, light dues, quarantine fees, and other ordinary expenses incurred in relation to the ship or cargo in the course of a voyage.