The terms used in this Act are defined as follows: <Amended on Mar. 21, 2012; Mar. 23, 2013; Jan. 28, 2014; Nov. 19, 2014; Mar. 21, 2017; Jul. 26, 2017; Oct. 24, 2017; Mar. 27, 2018; May 26, 2020; Jun. 9, 2020; Dec. 22, 2020; Oct. 19, 2021; Jan. 11, 2022; Apr. 18, 2023; Oct. 24, 2023>
1. The term "road" means any of the following:(a) A road provided for in the Road Act;(b) A toll road provided for in the Toll Road Act;(c) Roads in agricultural and fishing villages provided for in the Act on the Maintenance and Improvement of Road Networks in Agricultural and Fishing Villages;(d) An open area practically necessary to ensure safe and smooth movement of traffic of many unspecified persons, motor vehicles, and horses;
2. The term "automobile road" means a road on which only motor vehicles may move;
3. The term "expressway" means a road designated exclusively for motor vehicles to move along at high speed;
4. The term "roadway" means the area of a road over which all motor vehicles move along, demarcated by a line of curbstones (referring to a line of curbstones, etc. that define roadways from sidewalks; hereinafter the same shall apply), safety signs, or artificial structures similar thereto;
5. The term "median lane" means a line indicated with safety signs, such as yellow solid lines and yellow dotted lines, or facilities installed with medians or barriers, etc., in order to clearly separate the direction of passage of motor vehicles and horses; provided, where a reversible motor vehicle road is opened pursuant to the latter part of Article 14 (1), this means a yellow dotted line on the far left side of the direction of movement controlled by signal apparatus;
6. The term "lane" means the area of a roadway divided by the vehicle lines between which motor vehicles and horses move;
7. The term "vehicle line" means a line whose boundary points are indicated with safety signs in order to distinguish one lane from another;7-2. The term "tram road" means a track or lane referred to in each subparagraph of Article 18-2 (1) of the Urban Railroad Act on which a tramway is laid, demarcated by safety signs or artificial structures;
8. The term "bicycle track" means a road specified under the subparagraphs of Article 3 of the Promotion of the Use of Bicycles Act, demarcated by safety signs, safety railings, or other artificial structures similar thereto for the passage of bicycles and personal mobility devices;
9. The term "bicycle crossing" means the area of a road marked with a safety sign for bicycles and personal mobility devices to cross the road;
10. The term "sidewalk" means the area of a road demarcated by a line of curbstones, safety signs, or artificial structures similar thereto for passage by pedestrians (including persons passing using equipment or apparatuses such as baby carriages, wheelchairs to aid walking, walking supporters for the elderly, which are prescribed by Decree of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety, and outdoor mobile robots referred to in subparagraph 21-3; hereinafter the same shall apply);
11. The term "roadside area" means the edge of a road undivided by a sidewalk and a roadway, but demarcated by safety signs, etc. in order to ensure pedestrian safety;
12. The term "crosswalk" means the part of a road, demarcated with safety signs for pedestrians to cross the road;
13. The term "intersection" means the area of a road intersected in the shape of a " ＋ " or "T" or the juncture of at least two roads (in cases of a road divided by the sidewalk and the roadway, referring to the roadway);13-2. The term "roundabout" means a circular intersection in which motor vehicles and horses travel counterclockwise around a circular traffic island (referring to a facility in the shape of an island installed at the intersection or the juncture of a roadway, in order to ensure safe and smooth flow of traffic and safe pedestrian crossings);
14. The term "safety zone" means the area of a road indicated by safety signs and other artificial structures similar thereto in order to ensure the safety of pedestrians crossing the road as well as motor vehicles and horses passing through;
15. The term "signal apparatuses" means apparatuses operated manually or electrically to convey signals to proceed, stop, turn, exercise caution, etc. by means of letters, symbols, or lights in traffic on the road;
16. The term "safety signs" means signboards that convey caution, control, direction, etc. or symbols, letters, lines, etc. indicated on the surface of a road necessary for traffic safety;
17. The term "motor vehicles and horses" means any of the following motor vehicles and horses:(a) The term "motor vehicle" means any of the following:(i) Motor vehicles;(ii) Construction machinery;(iii) Motorcycles;(iv) Bicycles;(v) Other vehicles moving along the road by the power of humans or cattle, or other motor power; provided, anything that moves along railway tracks or on temporarily installed lines, or using equipment or apparatuses such as baby carriages, wheelchairs to aid walking, walking supporters for the elderly, and outdoor mobile robots referred to in subparagraph 21-3, which are prescribed by Decree of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety, shall be excluded therefrom;(b) The term "oxen and horses" means cattle used for traffic and transportation;17-2. The term “tram” means a tram referred to in subparagraph 2 of Article 2 of the Urban Railroad Act which moves on a road, using tracks;
18. The term "motor vehicle" means any of the following vehicles powered by motor (any towed motor vehicle shall be deemed part of a motor vehicle) without using any railway or any temporarily installed line:(a) Any of the following motor vehicles provided for in Article 3 of the Motor Vehicle Management Act; provided, any motorcycle shall be excluded therefrom:(i) An automobile;(ii) A bus;(iii) A truck;(iv) A special-purpose vehicle;(v) A two-wheeled vehicle;(b) Construction machinery provided for in the proviso of Article 26 (1) of the Construction Machinery Management Act;18-2. The term "autonomous driving system" means an autonomous driving system defined in Article 2 (1) 2 of the Act on the Promotion of and Support for Commercialization of Autonomous Vehicles. In such cases, the types of motor vehicles may be subdivided into, such as a full autonomous driving system and a partial autonomous driving system, as prescribed by Decree of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety;18-3. The term "autonomous motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving system referred to in subparagraph 1-3 of Article 2 of the Motor Vehicle Management Act;
19. The term "motorcycle" means any of the following:(a) A two-wheeled vehicle with an engine displacement of 125 cubic centimeters or less (referring to a maximum rated output power of 11 kilowatt or less in cases of vehicles powered by electricity) among two-wheeled vehicles provided for in Article 3 of the Motor Vehicle Management Act;(b) A vehicle (excluding electronic bicycles under subparagraph 1-2 of Article 2 of the Promotion of the Use of Bicycles Act and outdoor mobile robots under subparagraph 21-3) equipped with a motor with an engine displacement of 125 cubic centimeters or less (referring to a maximum rated output power of 11 kilowatt or less in cases of vehicles powered by electricity);19-2. The term "personal mobility device" means a motorcycle, which weighs less than 30 kilograms, equipped with a motor that cuts out when the device reaches at or above a speed of 25 kilometers per hour, among motorcycles under subparagraph 19 (b), as prescribed by Decree of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety;
20. The term "bicycles" means bicycles and electronic bicycles defined in subparagraphs 1 and 1-2 of Article 2 of the Promotion of the Use of Bicycles Act;
21. The term "motor vehicles, etc." means motor vehicles and motorcycles;21-2. The term "bicycles, etc." means bicycles and personal mobility devices;21-3. The term "outdoor mobile robot" means an intelligent robot defined in subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the Intelligent Robots Development and Distribution Promotion Act, which is prescribed by Decree of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety;
22. The term "emergency motor vehicles" means any of the following motor vehicles, used for emergency purposes:(a) Fire engines;(b) Ambulances;(c) Blood supplying motor vehicles;(d) Other motor vehicles prescribed by Presidential Decree;
23. The term "school bus for children" means a motor vehicle used for transport, etc. of children to and from an establishment for education (excluding transport for occasional educational activities such as field experiential learning) of children (referring to persons under the age of 13; hereinafter the same shall apply) among the following establishments, and a motor vehicle for passenger transport business operated for children as its passengers after obtaining a restricted license for the passenger transport business under Article 4 (3) of the Passenger Transport Service Act:(a) Kindergartens and early childhood education and development institutes provided for in the Early Childhood Education Act, elementary schools, special schools, alternate schools, and foreigners' schools provided for in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act;(b) Childcare centers provided for in the Infant Care Act;(c) Private teaching institutes and schools established pursuant to the Act on the Establishment and Operation of Private Teaching Institutes and Extracurricular Lessons;(d) Sports facilities established pursuant to the Installation and Utilization of Sports Facilities Act;(e) Child welfare facilities defined in the Child Welfare Act (excluding specialized child protection agencies);(f) Youth training facilities under the Youth Activity Promotion Act;(g) Facilities for the welfare of persons with disabilities (excluding occupational rehabilitation facilities for persons with disabilities) under the Act on Welfare of Persons with Disabilities;(h) Public Libraries under the Libraries Act;(i) City/Do institute for lifelong education and Si/Gun/Gu lifelong study halls under the Lifelong Education Act;(j) Social welfare facilities, or social welfare centers under the Social Welfare Services Act;
24. The term "parking" means keeping any motor vehicle in a parked state because the motor vehicle awaits passengers, is being loaded with cargo, or is broken down, etc., or its driver is unable to immediately drive the motor vehicle because he or she has left the relevant motor vehicle;
25. The term "stop" means bringing any motor vehicle to a stationary state for up to five minutes, other than parking;
26. The term "driving" means using a motor vehicle or horse or tram on a road (including places, other than a road, in cases falling under Articles 27 (6) 3, 44, 45, 54 (1), 148, 148-2, and subparagraph 10 of Article 156) according to its original purpose (including maneuvering it or using an autonomous driving system);
27. The term "novice driver" means a person for whom two years have yet to lapse from the date he or she obtains his or her driver's license (where he or she is subject to a disposition to revoke his or her driver's license before two years lapse from the date he or she has obtained his or her driver's license, this refers to the date he or she subsequently re-obtains his or her driver's license). In such cases, where a person who only obtains a motorcycle driver's license obtains a driver's license, other than a motorcycle driver's license, it shall be deemed his or her first driver’s license;
28. The term "drive slowly" means driving a motor vehicle or tram at a slow speed that allows the driver to stop the motor vehicle or tram immediately;
29. The term "overtake" means that a driver passes beside another motor vehicle and moves ahead of it;
30. The term "temporary stop" means that the driver of a motor vehicle or tram brings the wheels of the motor vehicle or tram to a temporary but complete stop;
31. The term "exclusive pedestrian road" means a road indicated by safety signs or artificial structures similar thereto for exclusive use by pedestrians;31-2. The term "pedestrian priority road" means a pedestrian priority road defined in subparagraph 3 of Article 2 of the Pedestrian Safety and Convenience Enhancement Act;
32. The term "driving school" means an establishment in which the knowledge and skills to drive motor vehicles are taught, other than any of the following establishments:(a) An establishment built by any school for training its teachers, employees, and students pursuant to education-related statutes and regulations;(b) An establishment built in the place of business, etc. for training its employees;(c) An establishment built to conduct simulated driving practice using electronic equipment;(d) An establishment recognized by the commissioners of City/Do police agencies among establishments built by the heads of local governments, etc. for conducting driving education for persons with physical disabilities;(e) An establishment that conducts driving education without receiving any fee therefor;(f) An establishment that conducts driving education in a place, other than on a road, in order to allow a person with a driver's license to have various driving experiences;
33. The term "exemplary driver" means a driver who has received merit points for accident-free or meritorious driving, or a person who has no record of causing any traffic accident while driving a commercial motor vehicle for at least two years pursuant to Article 146, and engages in volunteer activities for traffic safety after being selected as determined by the Commissioner General of the Korean National Police Agency.
34. The term "ignition interlock device" means a device that prevents a motor vehicle from starting when a person attempts to drive a motor vehicle while intoxicated, as prescribed by Decree of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety.[This Article Wholly Amended on Jun. 8, 2011]