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Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act — Article 16 (Enforcement fines)

독점규제 및 공정거래에 관한 법률 제16조

This English translation is based on the Korean text effective 2026-05-12. The Korean law has since been amended (current version effective 2026-10-02) — check the Korean original.

(1) The Fair Trade Commission may impose on a person that has failed to implement a corrective measure imposed pursuant to Article 14 for violating Article 9(1) within the specified period, an enforcement fine not exceeding 3/10000 of the following applicable amount per day from the date the implementation deadline has expired; provided, a person that has conducted a business combination under Article 9(1)2 may be subject to an enforcement fine not exceeding two million won per day from the date the implementation deadline has expired:

1. In cases of a business combination under Article 9(1)1 or 5: The aggregate of the book value of shares acquired or owned and liabilities underwritten;

2. In cases of a business combination under Article 9(1)3: The aggregate of the book value of shares distributed in return for the merger and liabilities underwritten;

3. In cases of a business combination under Article 9(1)4: The price for the acquisition by transfer of business.

(2) Matters necessary for the imposition, payment, collection, refund, etc. of enforcement fines shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Jan. 21, 2025>

(3) Except as provided in paragraphs (1) and (2), Article 31(2) through (6) of the Framework Act on Administration shall apply to the imposition and collection of charges for compelling compliance. <Added on Jan. 21, 2025>

(4) The Fair Trade Commission may entrust the Commissioner of the National Tax Service with the affairs related to the collection of enforcement fines or disposition on delinquency under paragraphs (1) through (3), as prescribed by Presidential Decree. <Amended on Jan. 21, 2025>

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